ICPALER

• Overview The ICPALER mnemonic can be used to assist teachers to remember each aspect of language use.
• ICPALER - Ideas, Conventions, Purposes, Ability to Learn, Expressive and Receptive language.
   
• ICPALER Framework

ICPALER Framework

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 (Munro, 2007)

Ideas
Words	Words have meaning
	Parts of words have meaning
	Vocabulary as a meaning network
Sentences	Simple sentences describe an event
	Variations of the simple sentences description of an event.
	More complex sentence ideas
Discourse	The cohesion of the text, genre
Topic	Main Theme

Conventions
Phonological	The rules governing the combining of sounds into words
Grammatical	The rules governing the combining and unpacking of words in sentences
Genre	The rules governing the combining and unpacking of sentences in discourse

Purposes
Manage and Direct	How we start, maintain, and end conversations
	How we take turns,
	How we stay on the topic
	How we adjust to fit audience and context
	How we “read” in a message its intended meaning
Listen and Speak  Between the Lines	How we use idioms and metaphors
	How we extend a language exchange
	Judge how much information to give
	Judge what others might know during the conversation
Adjust to Context and Audience	Select appropriate words and conventions
	Use the context to assist understanding
	Link ideas in relation to a particular context
	Identify goals for an oral communication
Use Language for Different Goals	Infer goals for an oral communication
	Use language to extend a language exchange
	Use language to request agree, confirm, compliment etc.

Ability to Learn
Opportunity to learn language experiences
Able to perceive oral language
Able to use symbolism (concrete to abstract thinking)
Ability to link ideas (eg.  cause-effect)
Ability to conceptualize and categorise
Ability to sequence and order
Ability to generalize learning to other contexts

Expressive and Receptive Language
Expressive and Receptive aspects of the communication